Babban bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin bututun American Standard (mafi yawan ma'aunin ASTM) da bututun China Standard (mafi yawan ma'aunin GB) sun ta'allaka ne a tsarin da aka saba amfani da shi, ƙayyadaddun bayanai, matakan kayan aiki, da buƙatun fasaha. A ƙasa akwai kwatancen da aka tsara dalla-dalla:
1. Tsarin Daidaitacce & Faɗin Aikace-aikacen
| Nau'i | Ma'aunin Amurka (ASTM) | Ma'aunin Sinanci (GB) |
|---|---|---|
| Manyan Ka'idoji | Bututu marasa sumul: ASTM A106, A53 Bututun bakin karfe: ASTM A312, A269 Bututun da aka haɗa da walda: ASTM A500, A672 | Bututu marasa sumul: GB/T 8163, GB/T 3087 Bututun bakin ƙarfe: GB/T 14976 Bututun da aka haɗa da walda: GB/T 3091, GB/T 9711 |
| Yanayin Aikace-aikace | Kasuwar Arewacin Amurka, ayyukan ƙasa da ƙasa (mai da iskar gas, masana'antar sinadarai), waɗanda ke buƙatar bin ƙa'idodi masu goyan baya kamar API da ASME | Ayyukan cikin gida, wasu ayyukan kudu maso gabashin Asiya, masu dacewa da jiragen ruwa masu matsin lamba da ke tallafawa GB da ƙayyadaddun bututun mai |
| Tushen Zane | Ya yi daidai da jerin ASME B31 (lambobin ƙirar bututun matsin lamba) | Ya yi daidai da GB 50316 (Lambar Tsarin Bututun Karfe na Masana'antu) |
2. Tsarin Bayyana Girma
Wannan shine mafi sauƙin fahimta, yana mai da hankali kan lakabin diamita na bututu da jerin kauri na bango.
Lakabi da diamita na bututu
- Ma'aunin Amurka: Yana amfani da Girman Bututu Na Musamman (NPS) (misali, NPS 2, NPS 4) a inci, wanda bai yi daidai da ainihin diamita na waje ba (misali, NPS 2 ya yi daidai da diamita na waje na 60.3mm).
- Ma'aunin Sinanci: Yana amfani da Diamita Mai Suna (DN) (misali, DN50, DN100) a cikin milimita, inda ƙimar DN ta fi kusa da diamita na waje na bututun (misali, DN50 ya yi daidai da diamita na waje na 57mm).
Jerin Kauri na Bango
- Ma'aunin Amurka: Ya rungumi jerin Jadawali (Sch) (misali, Sch40, Sch80, Sch160). Kauri bango yana ƙaruwa tare da lambar Sch, kuma ƙimar Sch daban-daban tana daidai da kauri daban-daban na bango don NPS iri ɗaya.
- Ma'aunin Sinanci: Yana amfani da ajin kauri bango (S), ajin matsi, ko kuma yana yiwa kauri bango alama kai tsaye (misali, φ57×3.5). Wasu ƙa'idodi kuma suna goyan bayan yiwa jerin Sch alama.
3. Maki da Bambancin Aiki
| Nau'i | Kayan Aiki na Amurka | Kayan Aiki na Sinanci Mai Daidai | Bambancin Aiki |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karfe na Carbon | ASTM A106 Gr.B | GB/T 8163 Grade 20 Karfe | ASTM Gr.B yana da ƙarancin sinadarin sulfur da phosphorus da kuma ƙarfin ƙarancin zafin jiki; GB Grade 20 Steel yana ba da ingantaccen farashi mai kyau, wanda ya dace da yanayin matsin lamba mai sauƙi zuwa matsakaici |
| Bakin Karfe | ASTM A312 TP304 | GB/T 14976 06Cr19Ni10 | Makamantan sinadarai iri ɗaya; American Standard yana da ƙa'idodi masu tsauri don gwajin lalata tsakanin granular, yayin da Chinese Standard ke ƙayyade yanayi daban-daban na isarwa |
| Ƙananan ƙarfe | ASTM A335 P11 | GB/T 9948 12Cr2Mo | ASTM P11 yana ba da ƙarin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi; GB 12Cr2Mo ya dace da bututun tukunyar wutar lantarki na cikin gida |
4. Bukatun Fasaha & Ka'idojin Gwaji
Gwajin Matsi
- Ma'aunin Amurka: Gwajin Hydrostatic wajibi ne tare da tsauraran dabarun lissafin matsin lamba na gwaji, wanda ya dace da ƙa'idodin ASME B31; ana buƙatar gwaji mara lalata (UT/RT) ga wasu bututu masu matsin lamba mai yawa.
- Ma'aunin Sinanci: Ana iya yin shawarwari kan gwajin Hydrostatic idan ana buƙata tare da matsin lamba mai sassauƙa; rabon gwajin da ba ya lalatawa ana ƙayyade shi ta hanyar ajin bututun (misali, gwaji 100% don bututun GC1-class).
Yanayin Isarwa
- Tsarin Amurka: Yawanci ana isar da bututun a cikin yanayi mai kyau da kuma yanayin zafi mai kyau tare da buƙatun gyaran saman da aka saba (misali, ɗanɗano, ƙin yarda).
- Ma'aunin Sinanci: Ana iya isar da shi a cikin ruwan zafi, ruwan sanyi, ko kuma a daidaita shi, ko kuma a wasu yanayi tare da buƙatun maganin saman da suka fi sassauƙa.
5. Bambance-bambancen Dacewa a Hanyoyin Haɗi
- Ana daidaita bututun American Standard da kayan aiki (flanges, elbows) waɗanda suka dace da ASME B16.5, tare da flanges da ake amfani da su akai-akai ta hanyar rufe saman RF (Raised Face) da kuma azuzuwan matsin lamba da aka yiwa lakabi da Class (misali, Class 150, Class 300).
- Ana daidaita bututun Sinanci na yau da kullun da kayan aiki waɗanda suka dace da GB/T 9112-9124, tare da laƙabi da PN (misali, PN16, PN25) don azuzuwan matsi. Nau'ikan saman rufewa sun dace da American Standard amma sun bambanta kaɗan a girma.
Shawarwari Kan Zaɓin Muhimmanci
- Ba da fifiko ga bututun American Standard don ayyukan ƙasa da ƙasa; tabbatar da cewa takaddun shaida na NPS, Sch series, da kayan aiki sun cika buƙatun ASTM.
- A fifita bututun China na yau da kullun don ayyukan cikin gida saboda ƙarancin farashi da isasshen kayan tallafi.
- Kada a haɗa bututun American Standard da Chinese Standard kai tsaye, musamman don haɗin flange—rashin daidaiton girma na iya haifar da gazawar hatimi.
Zan iya samar da teburin juyawa don takamaiman buƙatun bututu (American Standard NPS vs. Chinese Standard DN) don sauƙaƙe zaɓi da sauyawa cikin sauri. Kuna buƙatar sa?
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-15-2025