Faranti na ƙarfe na 201 da 304 na bakin ƙarfe sune biyu daga cikin nau'ikan ƙarfe da aka fi amfani da su a cikin bakin ƙarfe na austenitic. Babban bambancinsu yana cikin sinadaran da ke cikin nickel da chromium, wanda ke haifar da bambance-bambance daban-daban a cikin juriya ga tsatsa, halayen injiniya, farashi, da yanayin aikace-aikacen. Ga cikakken kwatancen:
1. Babban Bambanci: Sinadarin Sinadari
Nickel (Ni) da chromium (Cr) su ne muhimman abubuwan da ke hana tsatsa ta bakin karfe. Bambancin da ke cikin su shine babban bambanci tsakanin maki biyu:
| Matsayi | Abubuwan da ke cikin Chromium (Cr) | Abubuwan da ke cikin Nickel (Ni) | Abubuwan da ke cikin Manganese (Mn) | Abubuwan da ke cikin Carbon (C) | Siffar Sauyawa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bakin Karfe 201 | 16%–18% | 3.5%–5.5% | 5.5%–7.5% | ≤0.15% | Yana amfani da babban manganese don maye gurbin wani ɓangare na nickel don rage farashi |
| Bakin Karfe 304 | 18%–20% | 8%–10.5% | ≤2% | ≤0.08% | Babban abun ciki na nickel da chromium, babu maye gurbin manganese |
2. Muhimman Bambance-bambancen Aiki
(1) Juriyar Tsatsa
- Bakin Karfe 201: Rashin juriya ga tsatsa. Yana iya jure bushewar muhalli a cikin gida ko kuma yanayin ɗan danshi kaɗan. Yana iya yin tsatsa a yankunan bakin teku, acid-alkali, ko wuraren da ke da yawan gishiri, musamman a wuraren da aka haɗa da walda.
- Bakin Karfe 304: Yana da matuƙar juriya ga tsatsa. Yana iya jure wa danshi, ƙarancin acid da alkalis, da kuma fuskantar ruwan sama a waje. Ita ce babbar hanyar da ake amfani da ita wajen amfani da abinci da kuma na jama'a, tana biyan buƙatun yau da kullun na hana tsatsa.
(2) Kayayyakin Inji
- Bakin Karfe 201: Tauri mai yawa da ƙarfi kaɗan, amma ƙasa da 304 a cikin juriya da tauri. Yana iya fashewa yayin sarrafawa kuma yana da ƙarancin lanƙwasawa da miƙewa.
- Bakin Karfe 304: Kyakkyawan sassauci da tauri, mai sauƙin lanƙwasawa, tambari, da walda. Ba ya saurin lalacewa ko fashewa bayan sarrafawa, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da yanayi masu rikitarwa na ƙera.
(3) Juriyar Zafin Jiki Mai Girma
- Bakin Karfe 201: Matsakaicin juriya ga zafin jiki yana kusa da 300℃; yana da sauƙin kamuwa da iskar shaka da nakasa fiye da wannan zafin.
- Bakin Karfe 304: Matsakaicin juriya ga zafin jiki yana kusa da 800℃, wanda ya dace da yanayin matsakaici da zafi mai yawa kamar tanda da tankunan ruwa na ciki.
(4) Farashi
- Bakin Karfe 201: Saboda ƙarancin sinadarin nickel, ya fi 304 araha da kashi 30%–50%, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama ƙarfe mai rahusa.
- Bakin Karfe 304: Mafi tsada, wanda ke aiki a matsayin kayan aiki na yau da kullun don aikace-aikacen farar hula da na abinci.
3. Kwatanta Yanayin Aikace-aikace
| Aikace-aikacen Farantin Bakin Karfe 201 | Aikace-aikacen Farantin Karfe na Bakin 304 |
|---|---|
| Busassun kayan ado na cikin gida (firam ɗin ƙofa, shiryayye, allunan talla) | Kayan aikin girki (sink, kayan kicin, kabad na tsaftace jiki) |
| Abubuwan da ba sa ɗaukar nauyi, sandunan kariya, raga masu hana sata | Kayan aikin sarrafa abinci, na'urorin likitanci, bututun ruwan sha |
| Shingen waje marasa buƙatar kulawa (wuraren da ba na bakin teku/wuraren da ke da tsatsa) | Bangon labule na waje, shingen baranda, tankunan ciki na hita ruwa |
| Shiryayyen ajiya na wucin gadi, kekunan hannu | Kwantenan sinadarai, kayan tsafta, da kuma kwalban injin tsotsa |
4. Nasihu Kan Gano Gano Cikin Sauri
- Shaƙar maganadisu: 201 yana da yawan sinadarin manganese, wanda ke haifar da ƙarfin maganadisu fiye da 304, don haka ya fi mannewa da maganadisu. 304 kusan ba shi da maganadisu ko rauni.
- Dubawar Gani: 201 yana da haske mai duhu kuma yana iya samun tabo na tsatsa, yayin da 304 yana da haske da tsafta wanda ba shi da sauƙin tsatsa bayan amfani da shi na dogon lokaci.
- Gwajin Sinadaran da ke Hana Sinadarai: Yi amfani da ruwan gano bakin karfe. Idan aka jefar da shi a kan farantin, 201 zai yi ja da sauri, yayin da 304 bai nuna wani canji a launi ba (ingantaccen inganci, ya dace da gwajin wurin).
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-18-2025